Vocabulary Adaptation Strategies for Medical Language Models: Why Your LLM Fragments “Erythromycin” — and How to Fix It

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A deep dive into our research on vocabulary adaptation for reliable medical summarization — from IJCAI 2024 to ACL 2025, with practical insights for anyone building NLP models for healthcare. In December 2025, I had the privilege of delivering a talk at the Breakfast Talk series of Microsoft Research India in Bangalore. The topic was … Read more

Explainability in Medical AI: Why Your Black-Box Model Won’t Reach the Clinic

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A researcher’s guide to trustworthy, interpretable ML for healthcare — the frameworks, the methods, the trade-offs, and what clinicians actually need from your model. Here’s a conversation I’ve had more times than I can count, in slightly different forms: Clinician: “Your model says this patient is high-risk. Why?”AI Researcher: “Well, the model captures complex non-linear … Read more

A Practical Guide to Large Language Models in Clinical Medicine: What Researchers Need to Know in 2026

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From GPT-4 to Med-PaLM, from vocabulary adaptation to agentic AI — understanding where LLMs work, where they fail, and how to build on them for your own medical AI research. Large Language Models are everywhere in AI research right now. If you’re attending any top-tier conference — NeurIPS, ACL, AAAI, MICCAI — you’ll find that … Read more