Assess Your AI in Medicine Expertise in 5 Minutes

Clustering groups data points based on similarity without labels, while classification and regression require labeled data.

Reinforcement learning differs from supervised and unsupervised learning where it involves an agent interacting with an environment via a set of actions and learning based on feedback or reward.  Unsupervised learning solely relies on understanding the data distribution and does not depend on any reward or feedback.

Screening focuses on early detection and monitoring, often using wearables and chatbots.

Niramai Health Analytix is a medical startup based in Bangalore to develop AI-based radiological imaging solutions for breast cancer to facilitate early detection. Read more about it in this blog.

Haptik is a medical startup based in Bangalore, India that develops HIPAA-compliant chatbots for healthcare use-cases. Read more about it in this blog.

Prognosis relates to predicting disease outcomes and survival, not initial detection.

Treatment involves interventions like surgery or drug delivery after diagnosis.

Hospital resource management focuses on administrative tasks such as pharmacy, insurance, and fraud detection, not disease detection.

LangChain is an orchestration framework that works in the backend to process user input, retrieve data from an external knowledge base, construct prompts and interact with the LLM.

Streamlit manages the frontend where it creates the user-facing web interface and controls the user interactions with the elements like text boxes, buttons.

Reference: Streamlit tutorial

AI in patient management primarily helps by analyzing patient data to predict outcomes such as the likelihood of hospital readmission. This enables healthcare providers to intervene proactively, prepare personalized treatment plans, and improve recovery. This results in better patient outcomes and reduction of avoidable readmissions. AI also supports continuous patient monitoring and personalized treatment adherence, but its key benefit in patient management is improving prediction and management of patient recovery and readmission risks.

Reducing patient monitoring is incorrect because AI often enhances monitoring through continuous data analysis rather than reducing it.

Increasing interactions with patients is partially true as AI chatbots can support engagement, but this is a secondary benefit, not the key one.

Increasing paperwork is incorrect; AI aims to reduce administrative burdens, not increase them

Reference: IBM blog

The Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) aims to create a national digital health ecosystem. A core component is the creation of Ayushman Bharat Health Accounts (ABHA) and the standardization of electronic health records (EHRs). This provides a foundational layer of structured, interoperable health data, which is essential for training and deploying effective and large-scale AI models in the Indian context.

Reference: Official website of ABDM

AI Governance in healthcare ensures the ethical, safe, and compliant use of AI technologies. This includes:

Ethical use: Ensuring AI systems operate fairly, transparently, and without bias, respecting patient rights and safety.

Data protection: Safeguarding sensitive patient data in compliance with regulations like HIPAA and GDPR.

Model validation: Continuously evaluating AI models to ensure accuracy, reliability, and safety in clinical settings.

These are core components of AI governance frameworks in healthcare organizations, as outlined by multiple expert sources.

Advertising strategies, however, relate to marketing and promotion, which are outside the scope of AI governance in healthcare. They do not govern the ethical, regulatory, or operational aspects of AI systems.

Reference: National Law Review article from August 2024

Healthcare data comes from diverse sources and formats, making standardization critical but challenging.

Data abundance is an opportunity, not a challenge.

Missing data issue is a derivative of data standardization issue as different source collect different types of data leading to sparse datasets when aggregated together. For example, for LRRK2 Parkinson Disease cohort, data was collected from 10 hospitals or medical centers. Some centers did not collect genomic data, while others did not collect imaging data.

Data provenance captures the history and origin of a data point, tracking the changes made over course of time. In healthcare, changes made to patient data is heavily regulated and usually, comes from a single medical center without intermediaries. This is an important issue which is currently solved.

AI for personalized medicine helps to achieve treatment response optimization and improve drug response prediction. It takes into consideration the unique characteristics of each patient at molecular, physiological, ecological and behavioral levels. It is quite the opposite of the one-size-fits-all approach, i.e., relying solely on clinical guidelines after determining the disease stage.

Reference: Journal paper

Ambient AI systems help clinicians by automatically capturing clinical conversations and documentation, reducing administrative burden.

For example, imagine a fully autonomous, ambient device that uses a host of physical sensors to monitor a patient in an ICU. One that might use thermal scanning to monitor patient temperature, or acoustic sensors that could detect cardiac arrhythmia, or radar sensors to monitor even the most minute respiratory changes. (Source: DeepScribe company blog)

DeepScribe is a company that is leveraging ambient AI to automate documentation – allowing clinicians to focus on providing care and increasing patient interactions, leading to better patient outcomes. Learn more at their website.

Ambience Healthcare is a company that provides patient-focused Ambient AI services such as enhancing specialty workflows, improving documentation accuracy, and optimizing billing, integrated with the EHR System. Learn more from their website.

The proposed list of AI Governance principles as outlined in Page 4 of the report, which is currently (June 2025) at the public consultation stage are:

1. Transparency
2. Accountability
3. Safety, reliability & robustness
4. Privacy & security
5. Fairness & non-discrimination
6. Human-centered values & 'do not harm'
7. Inclusive & sustainable innovation
8. Digital by design governance

Reference: Sub-committee report PDF